Lecture 1: BIOENERGETICS: Catabolic Metabolism 1

Reading:

• Voet, D. and Voet, J.G. (1995) Biochemistry , Second Edition
  • Chapter 15, p 412- 442
  • Chapter 16, p 443-483
  • Chapter 17, p 484-512
  • Chapter 19, p 538-562
  • Chapter 23, p 662-680
  • Chapter 24, p 727-748

• Molecular Cell Biology, Lodish et al. 3rd Ed. (1995)
  • Chapter 17 p. 739-750, 770-773

Lecture Outline

1. Overview of Metabolic Pathways
   1. Irreversible Reactions
   2. The committed steps
   3. Regulation of key enzymes
2. Experimental Approaches to the Study of Metabolism
   1. Metabolic inhibitors , growth studies, and biochemical genetics
   2. Isotopes in Biochemistry
   3. Isolated organs, Cells, and subcellular Organelles
3. Thermodynamic considerations
   1. High Energy Compounds
   2. Role of ATP
   3. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
   4. Thermodynamics of metabolic control
4. Interrelationships of Glycolysis, Glycogenolysis, Glycogenesis, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase, Tricarboxylic acid cycle, Gluconeogenesis., Pentose Phosphate Pathway
5. Control of Metabolic Flux
6. Control of Key Regulatory Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism
   1. Phosphorylation/Dephosphorylation
      1. Glycogen phosphorylase
      2. Glycogen synthase
      3. Phosphofructokinase-2/Fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase
      4. Pyruvate dehydrogenase
   2. Allosteric Effects
      1. Phosphofructokinase-1
         1. fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
         2. ATP, AMP
         3. citrate
      2. Glycogen Phosphorylase/ Glycogen Synthase
         1. glucose, AMP
      3. Pyruvate dehydrogenase
         1. acetyl CoA, ATP, NADH
   3. Induction of Enzyme Synthesis
      1. Glucose-6-phosphatase (glucagon)
      2. Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxykinase (glucagon)